SR-BI是一种细胞表面糖蛋白,属于清道夫受体家族,主要在肝脏和非胎盘期类固醇生成组织中表达。除了其天然配体HDL外,还可与天然LDL、化学修饰的LDL以及阴离子磷脂等结合,主要介导HDL胆固醇酯的选择性摄取,为类固醇生成组织提供胆固醇。新近发现人SR-BI在体外也能特异结合丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的E2蛋白,提示SR-BI可能是该病毒的一种新受体。本文就SR-BI分子的结构分布、生物学活性以及与HCV感染之间的关系作一综述。 SR-BI is a cell-surface glycoprotein that belongs to the scavenger receptor family and is expressed primarily in liver and non-placental steroid-producing tissues. In addition to its natural ligand, HDL, it binds to native LDL, chemically modified LDL, and anionic phospholipids, primarily to mediate the selective uptake of HDL cholesterol esters and to provide cholesterol to steroid-producing tissues. Recently, human SR-BI was also found to bind specifically to the E2 protein of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in vitro, suggesting that SR-BI may be a new receptor for this virus. This review summarizes the structural distribution, biological activity, and the relationship between SR-BI molecules and HCV infection.