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通过对国内优秀田径运动员 6 6 5人和世界优秀田径运动员 92 2人资料的研究 ,获得了运动员在整个竞技生涯中运动成绩变化过程的年龄规律 ,分析了运动员在各竞训阶段、各专项和性别上的成绩与年龄特点 ,揭示出国内优秀田径运动员的竞技年龄特征表现为成才晚、出现最高成绩早、退役早的“一晚两早”现象 ,世界优秀田径运动员表现为成才早、出现最高成绩晚、退役晚的“一早两晚”现象 ,为运动队制定和执行长期系统的训练计划提供理论参考。
Through the research on the data of 665 domestic excellent track and field athletes and 92 2 outstanding track and field athletes in the world, the age rules of the athletes’ changes in their athletic performance throughout the athletic career are obtained. At the competitive training stages, The results of gender and age reveal that the competitive age characteristics of domestic excellent track and field athletes are the phenomenon of “one late night and two early mornings” with the highest achievements and early retiring, and the outstanding track and field athletes in the world are characterized by early success and highest emergence Late results, retired late “one two nights” phenomenon for the sports team to develop and implement long-term systematic training programs provide a theoretical reference.