一、宪法其根本法的特征、民主制度的构架,落脚点都是为保障权利 宪法是国家的根本大法。从政治内容来说,宪法是民主制度的法律化;从阶级实质来看,宪法无非是阶级力量实际对比关系的表现。然而,我们再深究一下这些基本问题,就会发现:无论是宪法规定其本身为根本法,还是确立民主制度,抑或反映不同的阶级力量对比关系,其落脚点都是为保障权利。 我们说宪法是国家的根本大法主要是从内容、效力、制定和修改程序以及实施监督等方面与普通法律不同而言的。而为什么要规定宪法具有最高的法律效力,又规定制宪的特别要求和严格的修宪程序,就是因为宪法规定了国家的根本制度,确认了公民的基本权利,表明了权力的源泉,规定了组织政府的基本原则等。在我国,宪法还规定了国家的根本任务和重大的经济方针与原则。这些都是一个国家最基本的问题。而设立国家机构是为实现一定的国 First, the Constitution’s fundamental law of the characteristics of the democratic system of architecture, the foothold is to protect the rights of the Constitution is the country’s fundamental law. From a political point of view, the constitution is the legalization of the democratic system. From a substantive point of view, the constitution is nothing more than the manifestation of the actual contrast between class powers. However, if we look deeper into these basic questions, we will find that whether the Constitution stipulates that the law itself is the fundamental law, the establishment of a democratic system, or the contrast between different class powers, the objective is to safeguard the rights. We say that the constitutional law is the fundamental law of the country which differs from the ordinary law mainly in terms of content, effectiveness, formulation and revision of procedures, and supervision. The reason why the constitution should have the highest legal effect and stipulate the special requirements of the constitution and strict constitutional amendment process is that the Constitution stipulates the basic system of the country, confirms the basic rights of citizens, shows the source of power, stipulates The basic principles of organizing the government. In our country, the Constitution also stipulates the fundamental tasks of the country and major economic principles and principles. These are the most basic problems in a country. The establishment of state agencies is to achieve a certain country