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城镇化滞后和城乡收入差距扩大是中国当前面临的两大挑战。党的十八届三中全会通过了走新型城镇化道路的重大战略决策,而在新型城镇化进程中,县域城镇化扮演着重要角色,并且对县域城乡收入差距的演变产生重要影响。本文基于2001~2013年山东省临沂市9个县的年度平衡面板数据,利用动态面板固定效应变截距模型和广义矩估计方法,实证分析了县域城镇化对城乡收入差距的影响效应。结果表明,在样本观测期内,县域城镇化的推进在统计意义上显著地扩大了城乡收入差距。并据此提出加快发展县域的服务业、加强县域农村的基础教育和农民的职业培训等政策建议,旨在缩小临沂市城乡收入差距,推动其区域经济协调发展。
The lagging urbanization and the widening income gap between urban and rural areas are two major challenges that China currently faces. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee passed major strategic decisions on taking a new road to urbanization. In the process of new urbanization, urbanization in the county plays an important role and has an important impact on the evolution of the income gap between urban and rural areas in the county. Based on the annual balance panel data of nine counties in Linyi City of Shandong Province from 2001 to 2013, the dynamic panel fixed effect intercept model and generalized moment estimation method were used to empirically analyze the effect of urbanization on the income gap between urban and rural areas. The results show that in the sample observation period, the promotion of urbanization in the county significantly increased the income gap between urban and rural areas statistically. Based on this, some policy recommendations such as accelerating the development of service industries in counties, strengthening basic education in rural counties and vocational training of peasants are put forward to reduce the income gap between urban and rural areas in Linyi and promote the coordinated development of regional economy.