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土地资源是在气候、地貌、岩石、土壤、植被和水文等自然要素共同作用下形成的自然综合体。土地本身更是人类生产和生活的主要场所,是淡水、森林、草地、大部分矿产、能源、生物物种和旅游资源的载体,是除海洋产业和空间科学技术产业外的一切产业的直接资源支撑。在土地总面积中,我国居世界第三位,其中耕地总面积居世界第四位。由于我国人口众多,人均耕地面积仅及世界平均水平的二分之一,所以耕地是我国土地资源中的主要资源,保护耕地是我国土地资源政策的关键。
Land resources are natural complexes formed by natural elements such as climate, geomorphology, rock, soil, vegetation and hydrology. Land itself is the main place for human production and life. It is the carrier of freshwater, forest, grassland, most of mineral, energy, biological species and tourism resources, and is the direct resource support of all industries except marine industry and space science and technology industry . In the total area of land, our country ranks third in the world, of which the total area of cultivated land ranks fourth in the world. Since China has a large population and per capita arable land only about one-half of the world average, arable land is the main resource in China’s land resources. Protecting cultivated land is the key to China’s land resources policy.