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目的探讨某金精矿直接氰化车间有毒物质分布及作业人员个体接触水平,通过对防护措施分析,提出职业病危害的关键控制点和完善职业病防护设施的要求。方法对某金矿直接氰化车间采用现场调查、系统工程分析、现场监测、实验室分析等方法进行分析与评价。结果存在的主要毒物为氰化氢、氨。浸出槽、氰化钠槽、压滤机工作场所空气中氰化氢的最高容许浓度分别为1.6、1.4、4.9 mg/m3,不符合职业接触限值1 mg/m3的要求;氨的短时间接触浓度均符合职业接触限值要求。结论现场调查和检测结果表明,该车间存在急性中毒的潜在风险,需采取整改措施;补充设置局部排风装置,并加强现有防护设施及应急用品的管理,防止急性职业中毒事故发生。
Objective To explore the distribution of toxic substances in direct cyanidation workshop and the individual contact level of workers in a certain gold concentrate direct cyanidation workshop. By analyzing the protective measures, the key control points of occupational hazards and the requirements of perfecting occupational disease protection facilities are put forward. Methods The direct cyanidation workshop of a gold mine was analyzed and evaluated by on-site investigation, system engineering analysis, on-site monitoring and laboratory analysis. Results The main toxicants present were hydrogen cyanide and ammonia. The maximum allowable concentrations of hydrogen cyanide in the air of leaching tank, sodium cyanide tank and filter press were 1.6, 1.4 and 4.9 mg / m3 respectively, which did not meet the requirements of occupational exposure limit of 1 mg / m3. Ammonia short time Contact concentrations are in line with occupational exposure limits. Conclusions The field investigation and test results show that there is a potential risk of acute poisoning in the workshop, and corrective measures should be taken. Local exhaust ventilation should be supplemented and management of existing protective facilities and emergency supplies should be strengthened to prevent acute occupational poisonings.