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为了提高难挥发金属的蒸发速率,用数值方法研究了两种溶质对三元合金熔池中溶剂金属蒸发速率的影响。通过对电子枪加热三元合金熔池流体力学方程组的有限差分法求解,获得了熔池的流场、温度场和浓度场分布及溶剂金属的蒸发速率。计算结果表明:通过适当选择两种溶质金属的参杂浓度,使Reynolds数、Prandtl数及导热率减小,可以提高溶剂金属的蒸发速率;并且在三元合金熔池中获得的溶剂金属最大蒸发速率可以高于相应的二元合金熔池中溶剂金属的最大蒸发速率,也高于纯溶剂金属熔池的蒸发速率。
In order to improve the evaporation rate of difficult-to-volatile metals, the influence of two solutes on the evaporation rate of solvent metals in the ternary alloy weld pool was studied numerically. The flow field, temperature field and concentration field distribution and the evaporation rate of solvent metal in molten pool were obtained by solving finite element method of the hydrodynamic equations of the triple-alloy weld pool heated by electron gun. The calculation results show that the evaporation rate of the solvent metal can be increased by appropriately choosing the concentration of the two solute metals so that the Reynolds number, the Prandtl number and the thermal conductivity decrease; and the maximum evaporation of the solvent metal in the ternary alloy melt pool The rate may be higher than the maximum evaporation rate of the solvent metal in the corresponding binary alloy bath and also higher than the evaporation rate of the pure solvent metal bath.