前言计算技术是当代一门十分重要的新技术,目前计算机在各个领域里得到了广泛的应用,其根本的原因在于它能用电学的方法处理和存储大量的信息,随着科学技术的飞速发展,还要求有能够处理更多数据的存储器即大容量存储器。目前大多数的计算机中都采用磁性存储器——磁芯作内存(主存储器)和辅助的磁鼓、磁盘、磁带等,经过了若干年的努力,它们在存储密度、存取速度等方面都有了显著的提高。拿磁芯来说已建立了大规模生产的技术,价格也不断下降,但由于它是分立元件,费工,耗电多,估计今后还会有些发展,但要满足日益增长的要求,看来还是有限制的。60年代发展起来的半导体存储器,开始是采用的二极管矩阵比较笨重,至今由于采用了集成电路特别是 Foreword Computing technology is a very important contemporary new technology. At present, computers are widely used in various fields. The fundamental reason is that it can process and store a large amount of information by using electrical methods. With the rapid development of science and technology, Development, but also requires a memory capable of handling more data that mass storage. At present, most computers use magnetic memory - the core for memory (main memory) and auxiliary drums, disks, tapes, etc., after years of efforts, they are in terms of storage density, access speed, etc. Significantly improved. Take the magnetic core has been established mass production technology, prices are declining, but because it is discrete components, labor-intensive, more power consumption, it is estimated that there will be some development, but to meet the growing demand, it seems There are still restrictions. Semiconductor memory developed in the 1960s, the beginning of the diode matrix used is relatively bulky, so far due to the use of integrated circuits, especially