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本文采用 DEA 分析方法,以东北国有林区企业为例,分析了其技术效率、规模经济、TFP 等的变化趋势,结果表明:(1)国有林区经营林地面积小的企业,存在报酬递增规律;经营林地面积大的企业,存在报酬递减规律;而经营一定规模的企业,其规模报酬不变;(2)东北国有林区50家企业的 TFP 下降了5%,其原因在于 TCH 的下降;(3)EFFCH 对 TFP 的变化贡献不大,PECH 和 SECH 对 EFFCH 的影响几乎相差无几,从整体上说,SECH 对 EFFC 为正影响;PECH 对 EFFCH 的影响为负的;(4)1998年以后,TFP 下降更为明显,显然与国家实施天然林保护工程有密切的关系。在此基础上,提出了大型森工企业产业结构调整的政策性建议。这对于振兴东北老工业基地具有一定的指导意义。
This paper uses DEA method to analyze the trend of technological efficiency, economies of scale and TFP in the state-owned forest enterprises in Northeast China. The results show that: (1) There is a law of increasing returns for enterprises with small forest land in state-owned forest areas (2) The TFP of 50 enterprises in the Northeast State-owned Forest Area decreased by 5% because of the decrease of TCH; (3) EFFCH has little contribution to the change of TFP, and PECH and SECH have almost the same effect on EFFCH. Generally speaking, SECH has a positive impact on EFFC; PECH has a negative impact on EFFCH; (4) After 1998 , TFP decreased more obviously, apparently with the implementation of natural forest protection projects in the country have a close relationship. On this basis, put forward the policy recommendations of industrial structure adjustment of large-scale forest industry enterprises. This has some guiding significance for rejuvenating the northeast old industrial base.