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目的:对新生儿败血症的临床特征和病原菌分布进行探讨,以期为临床诊治新生儿败血症提供科学依据。方法:回顾性分析佛山市南海区第七人民医院在2010年1月-2014年12月期间收治的117例新生儿败血症患儿的临床资料、实验室检查结果以及病原学检查结果。结果:新生儿败血症临床表现有精神食欲欠佳、喂养不耐受或腹胀、发热、黄疸、呼吸暂停、硬肿、循环欠佳;血培养结果显示革兰氏阳性菌感染46例(39.31%),主要为葡萄球菌,革兰氏阴性菌感染21例(17.95%),主要为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌,早发型败血症患儿革兰氏阴性菌感染率显著高于晚发型败血症患儿,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:新生儿败血症无典型的临床表现,葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌以及铜绿假单胞菌是导致本地新生儿败血症发生的最主要病原菌,以血培养药敏试验选择的抗生素为临床上治疗新生儿败血症提供了有效依据。
Objective: To explore the clinical features of neonatal sepsis and the distribution of pathogens in order to provide a scientific basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of neonatal sepsis. Methods: The clinical data, laboratory tests and etiological examination results of 117 neonates with sepsis in our hospital from July 2010 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Neonatal sepsis clinical manifestations of poor mental appetite, feeding intolerance or bloating, fever, jaundice, apnea, sclerosis, poor circulation; blood culture results showed that Gram-positive bacteria in 46 cases (39.31% , Mainly Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria in 21 cases (17.95%), mainly Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, early-onset sepsis in children with gram-negative bacterial infection rate Significantly higher than those in children with late-onset sepsis, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: Neonatal sepsis has no typical clinical manifestations, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most important pathogens causing local neonatal sepsis. Antibiotics provide a valid basis for the clinical treatment of neonatal sepsis.