目的　评价基因释放剂在快速制备医学真菌DNA中的作用和应用条件。方法　样品加入基因释放剂后分别用程序加热法、微波处理法和煮沸法处理 ,然后用 18srDNA通用引物进行PCR扩增。优化PCR扩增体系和条件。结果　3种方法均能达到实验要求 ,其中以微波处理法中的 5档火力 7min条件效果最好 ,各菌株均可被扩增出一条 482bp的DNA带。敏感性为 10 1个孢子 /ml。结论　使用基因释放剂可简便快速地从小量致病真菌样本中制备DNA ,能用于深部真菌病直接PCR诊断 Objective To evaluate the role and application conditions of gene release agents in rapid preparation of medical fungal DNA. Methods After the sample was added with the gene release agent, the samples were treated by heating, microwave treatment and boiling, respectively, and then amplified by PCR with 18srDNA universal primers. Optimize PCR amplification system and conditions. Results All the three methods could meet the experimental requirements. Among them, the best heat treatment time of 5 min in microwave treatment was the best, and each strain could be amplified a 482 bp DNA band. Sensitivity is 10 1 spores / ml. Conclusion Gene release agent can be used to prepare DNA from a small number of pathogenic fungi easily and quickly and can be used for the direct PCR diagnosis of deep mycosis