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目的探讨母亲职业紧张与子代先天畸形发生的关系。方法选择在北京市某区妇幼保健院发生的101例先天畸形的孕妇为病例组,同期正常妊娠的妇女303例为对照组,进行1∶3配对病例-对照研究;采用中文版工作内容问卷(JCQ)和付出-回报失衡问卷(ERIQ)核心版对研究对象分别进行职业紧张程度测量,对母亲职业紧张与子代先天畸形发生之间的关系进行多因素条件logistic回归分析。结果在控制和考虑非职业性因素后,对JCQ及相关因素分析表明,职业紧张程度与子代先天畸形发生之间相关性不明显(P=0.345),母亲加强体育锻炼对子代先天畸形的发生可能具有保护作用(OR=0.614,95%CI为0.465～0.810)、母亲较高教育程度也可能避免先天畸形的发生(OR=0.586,95%CI为0.406～0.844)。ERIQ分析母亲职业紧张程度与子代先天畸形发生之间的关系结果与JCQ相似(P=0.406)。结论该研究结果尚不能确定职业紧张对先天畸形的发生有影响。
Objective To explore the relationship between maternal occupational stress and the occurrence of congenital anomalies in offspring. Methods A total of 101 pregnant women with congenital malformations who were in a district maternity and child care hospital in a certain district of Beijing were selected as the case group. 303 women with normal pregnancy in the same period were selected as the control group. A case-control study of 1: 3 was conducted. JCQ) and pay-return imbalance questionnaire (ERIQ) were used to measure occupational stress respectively. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between maternal occupational stress and the occurrence of congenital anomalies. Results After controlling and considering non-occupational factors, the analysis of JCQ and related factors showed that there was no significant correlation between occupational stress and the occurrence of congenital anomalies (P = 0.345). The mothers' (OR = 0.614, 95% CI: 0.465-0.810). A higher education level of the mother may also avoid the occurrence of congenital malformations (OR = 0.586, 95% CI: 0.406-0.844). ERIQ analysis of the relationship between maternal occupational stress and birth congenital malformations and JCQ results similar (P = 0.406). Conclusion The results of this study are not yet clear that occupational stress has an impact on the occurrence of congenital malformations.