实验选取已知成分较为明确的黄连、黄芩、大黄、马钱子、川乌作为膏药的药料,研究在高温炸药后有机成分的变化情况。结果显示,在350℃高温下炸药,马钱子的主要生物碱成分仍可检出,200～300℃高温下黄芩中黄芩甙均未检出,但仅黄芩甙元一直存在。黄连、大黄、川乌在200℃以上炸药可检出与生药相同的成分,但在300～350℃高温下主要有机成分发生了变化或产生新成分。200℃或100℃以下炸药,不能或很少浸出有效成分。 The experiment selected Coptis, Radix Astragali, Radix Dahuricae, Rhynchophylla variegate, Rhizoma Chuanwu as the plaster material and studied the changes of organic components after high-temperature explosives. The results showed that the major alkaloids of Strychnos nux-vomica could still be detected at explosive temperatures of 350°C, but no yellow cockroaches were detected at temperatures of 200-300°C. However, only Huangdaiyuan was present. Coptis, Rhubarb, and Chuanwu can detect the same components as crude drugs at explosives above 200°C, but at 300-350°C, major organic components have changed or new components have been produced. Explosives below 200°C or 100°C can not or very little leach active ingredients.