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目的研究甘肃省历年人间鼠疫首发病例的流行病学特征,循证流行规律,为下一步鼠疫防控提供科学依据。方法以甘肃省人间鼠疫病例为基础资料,进行流行病学统计分析。结果 1959～2010年甘肃省共发生28起鼠疫疫情,30例首发病例中腺型鼠疫占53.3%,败血型鼠疫11例,占36.7%;传染源主要为染疫的喜马拉雅旱獭,其次为猫、野兔、牧羊犬;首发病例高峰时间为7、8、9月份;首发病例职业以农牧民居多。结论甘肃省人间鼠疫首发病例其病程短、传播快、病死率高,应加强对首发病例早发现、早隔离、早诊断、早治疗,以严防疫情蔓延扩散;另今后应当加强对进入疫区的外来人口鼠防知识健康教育工作。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic human plague in Gansu Province in the past years and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of plague in the next step. Methods Gansu Province human plague cases as the basic data, epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 28 plague outbreaks occurred in Gansu from 1959 to 2010, including 53.3% of the first gland disease, 11 of the septicemia plague, accounting for 36.7% of the total. Infection originated mainly from the infected Himalayan marmot, followed by cats, Hare, shepherd; the peak incidence of the first case in July, August and September; the first case occupations to farmers and herdsmen. Conclusion The first case of human plague in Gansu Province has short course, rapid spread and high case fatality rate. Early detection, early isolation, early diagnosis and early treatment of the first case should be strengthened so as to prevent spread of the epidemic. In the future, Migrant population prevention knowledge and health education.