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休渔制度是保护渔业资源的重要手段之一。休渔期的设置将影响渔业资源养护的效果,需要严格的科学论证。本文运用单位补充量模型评价了不同休渔期措施对北部湾二长棘鲷资源的影响,并提出了调整休渔期的建议。研究表明:实施2个月休渔,以7～8月为佳;实施3个月休渔,以7～9月为佳。这2种方案可使单位补充量亲体量分别恢复到未开发状态的17.48%和20.69%,单位补充量渔获量可分别提高2.85%、6.05%,优于当前南海已实施的休渔期设置。在管理实践中,宜将Fmax作为限制参考点,F0.1作为目标参考点。建议在适当延后休渔期的同时,再配合开捕体长和捕捞努力量控制等管理措施,以实现该渔业的可持续发展。
Fishing system is one of the important means to protect fishery resources. The fishing moratorium setting will affect the conservation of fishery resources, requiring rigorous scientific justification. In this paper, the unit supplement model was used to evaluate the impact of different fishing moratorium measures on the resources of Beech bream in Beibu Bay, and the suggestion of adjusting fishing moratorium was put forward. Research shows that: the implementation of 2-month moratorium, 7 to August is better; the implementation of 3-month moratorium, 7 to September is better. The two schemes could restore the unit amount of parental replenishment to 17.48% and 20.69% of the untapped state, respectively. The catch per unit volume of replenishment can be increased by 2.85% and 6.05% respectively, which is better than the current fishing moratorium set in the South China Sea. In management practice, Fmax should be used as the limit reference point and F0.1 as the target reference point. It is suggested that with the appropriate postponement of the moratorium period, management measures such as capture length and fishing effort control should be followed in order to achieve the sustainable development of the fishery.