Objective:We aimed to access if acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in liver transplantation recipients of hepatocel ular carcinoma (HCC) might develop a graft-versus-tumor ef ect (GVT) other than immunological damage which would benefit prophylaxis of tumor recurrence. Methods:Dynamic observation of 3 cases of liver transplantation recipients of HCC and cirrhosis, which developed manifestations of fever, skin rash, watery diarrhea, pancytopenia and were final y diagnosed as aGVHD. Two of which got recovered from intravenously pulse methylprednisolone, high-dose intravenous im-munoglobulin, antibiotics administration simultaneously and promptly withdrawal of oral immunosuppressants. Two survivors were fol ow-up regularly with biological monitoring and imaging surveil ance for tumor recurrence thereafter. Results:Two recipients survived healthily with stable liver graft function and normal serum AFP level and blood routine test. No sign of tumor recurrence was found in repeat imaging examinations for liver graft, lung, brain and other tissue or organs within a period of 96 months and 17 months to date, respectively. Conclusion:Despite of the fatal damage to according organs and tissue, it suggest that aGVHD in liver recipients of HCC may also develop a GVT ef ect and benefit prophylaxis of tumor recurrence and result in a long-term healthy recipients survival.