1.引言有许多技术可用来在具有宽带噪声的条件下对窄带信号进行检测。最通用的技术之一,即在宇宙通信和人造卫星跟踪方面通常采用的技术,要算相位锁定环路技术。锁相环路技术基本上是有源滤波技术,环路的最佳化是以N·Weiner所发展的最佳滤波器原理为根据的[18]。关于锁相环路原理的最早的全面的报告之一,是 R·Jaffe和E·Re-chtin于1955年3月写成的[12]。在这个报告中,他们主要讨论的是使用频率阶跃信号输入时能够最佳工作的锁相环路(即二阶环路)**。二阶环路使用得最广泛,所以此 1. INTRODUCTION There are many techniques that can be used to detect narrowband signals with wideband noise. One of the most common techniques, commonly used in space communications and satellite tracking, is phase locked loop technology. Phase-locked loop technology is essentially active filtering, and loop optimization is based on the best filter theory developed by N Weiner [18]. One of the earliest comprehensive reports on the principle of phase-locked loops was written by R Jaffe and E-Retinch in March 1955 [12]. In this report, they mainly discuss the phase-locked loop (ie, second-order loop) ** that works best when using a frequency step signal input. Second-order loop is the most widely used, so this