在世界四大文明古国中,中国是唯独没有出现历史的断裂的国家。这种历史存续,产生了武术这种以言传身教为传习方式的格斗技艺。远古时期,武术早于军事武艺产生;在冷兵器时期,武术与军事武艺相互交融与促进;随着火器在军事中的普遍使用,军事武艺退出了战争舞台,武术也遭遇了第一次危机。本文以武术与集团军事间渊源关系、发展、变迁和分野的历史脉络为考证对象,进一步揭示武术的本质,为当前武术发展提供充分理论依据。 Among the four ancient civilizations in the world, China is the only one that has not witnessed the breakdown of history. This kind of historical existence has given rise to the martial arts fighting skills that use the precept and example to teach. In ancient times, martial arts came earlier than military martial arts. During the cold weapons period, martial arts and military martial arts blended and promoted each other. With the widespread use of firearms in the military, military martial arts left the stage of war and wushu encountered the first crisis. This article takes the historical context of the relationship between wushu and the militaries of the armed forces, development, change and division as the object of investigation, further reveals the essence of martial arts and provides a sufficient theoretical basis for the current development of martial arts.