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目的探讨无症状脑梗死(silent brain infarct,SBI)的 CT 及 MRI 和全脑血管造影(DSA)表现特点及危险因素。方法回顾性分析160例脑卒中患者的临床资料,根据无症状脑梗死的定义分 SBI 和非 SBI 两组,对两组的年龄、发病率、临床表现、影像学特征和危险因素进行统计分析。结果 SBI 的发病率为45%(72/160),其中基底节区、放射冠、额叶及顶叶、颞叶为好发部位;SBI 危险因素是高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病和心脏病;颅内血管狭窄程度与 SBI 的发生率基本相当,而其形态异常却与 SBI 的发生有关(P<0.05)。结论 MRI 是确诊 SBI 重要条件之一;DSA 能显示颅内血管;积极有效地干预其危险因素,可以最大程度预防无症状性脑梗死的发生,提高生活质量和健康水平。
Objective To investigate the characteristics and risk factors of CT and MRI and DSA of silent brain infarct (SBI). Methods The clinical data of 160 patients with stroke were retrospectively analyzed. According to the definition of asymptomatic cerebral infarction, SBI and non-SBI were divided into two groups to analyze the age, incidence, clinical manifestations, imaging features and risk factors. Results The incidence of SBI was 45% (72/160). The basal ganglia, corona, frontal lobe, parietal lobe and temporal lobe were the predilection sites. The SBI risk factors were hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and heart The incidence of intracranial vascular stenosis was basically the same as that of SBI, but the morphological abnormality was related to the occurrence of SBI (P <0.05). Conclusion MRI is one of the most important conditions for the diagnosis of SBI. DSA can display intracranial blood vessels. Active and effective intervention of risk factors can prevent asymptomatic cerebral infarction and improve quality of life and health.