一、化学与能源 我国社会主义经济建设的发展和能源消费的增长密切相关。常规性能源主要为化石燃料的煤、石油、天然气等,提高这些能源的有效利用率,在进行这些技术的革新中,离不开化学知识,离不开化学工作者的努力。在开发新能源中,化学同样发挥着巨大的优势,如核能和太阳能发电装置都离不开特殊材料的研制等。 1.未来的能源——水中取“火” 目前世界各国都在探索新能源,如太阳能、潮汐能、地热、氢燃料和核能等,其中氢气是一种大有发展前途的新燃料,而氢来自于取之不尽、用之不竭的水。H_2O=H_2↑+O_2↑,可用光化学法、生物方法或太阳能直接将海水转变成氢气。一旦水真正成为制氢的原 I. Chemistry and Energy The development of China’s socialist economy is closely related to the growth of energy consumption. Conventional energy sources are mainly fossil fuel coal, oil, natural gas, etc., to improve the effective utilization of these energy sources, in the conduct of these technological innovations, can not do without chemical knowledge, inseparable from the efforts of chemical workers. In the development of new energy, chemistry also play a huge advantage, such as nuclear energy and solar power devices are inseparable from the development of special materials. 1. The future of energy - water “fire” At present, all countries in the world are exploring new energy sources such as solar energy, tidal energy, geothermal energy, hydrogen fuel and nuclear energy, etc., of which hydrogen is a promising new fuel, and hydrogen From inexhaustible water. H_2O = H_2 ↑ + O_2 ↑, the sea water can be directly converted into hydrogen by photochemical methods, biological methods or solar energy. Once the water has become the original hydrogen production