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New things like technologies always arouse public sensations, which has been proved once and again in history. Horse riders used to laugh at the “staggering” first trains; oarsmen once sneered at the “slowness” of steamers. When the “newborns” haven’t won success, people always sniff at them or predict they will fail. Giordano Bruno who is regarded as a great thinker, natural scientist, philosopher and astronomer was found guilty of heresy and burned at the stake because he insisted on heliocentric theory in the background of the dominant geocentric theory . We are lucky to live in a civilized new world of high technology and science without worrying about being burnt due to our new ideas. But public opinions remain the same.
President Zhou Dengrong knows pressures from public opinions too well. Ever since he began the research on air engine technology and the production of air engine equipment later, Zhou had been misunderstood and questioned by people surrounding him, including his families and friends. According to him, when he planned to work on air engine at first, his brother and son didn’t support him and even thought this idea was crazy. Their attitudes didn’t change until he turned this technology into reality. He felt pleased when his families gradually changed their attitude from misunderstanding to supporting. However, he knows that the dream of serving the society must be based on the recognition of the public, so getting rid of doubts from the public is the most pleasing thing for him.
1st Doubt: Technology Breakthrough
One miracle of nature is that it inspires people by some natural phenomena which provoked them to explore and make use of it. About five hundred years ago, a group of scientists, who were probably not called scientists then, began to devote themselves to researches on thermodynamics, energy and power. In the middle of the nineteenth century, the commonest and most important law of nature- conservation of energy- was discovered. It states that all matters have energy which can be neither created nor destroyed. For an isolated system, this law means that energy can change its location within the system, and it can change from one subject to another within the system. The total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant over time. Whether it’s physical, chemical, geological, or biological energy transfer in celestial bodies or atoms, as long as there is energy transfer, it obeys the law of conservation of energy. Because this law is universal, it provides solid scientific base for man to make use of coal, oil and other fuels and hydroenergy, wind energy and nuclear energy, thus solving many engineering and technological problems. Therefore, when new technologies appear, they have to prove to conform to this law, so does the air energy transfer system of Xiangtian. Many people doubt that the working principle of it violates the law of conservation of energy and Xiangtian air engine’s introduction was unreasonableXiangtian. As for this, Zhou gives answers to some relevant questions: According to many experiments and comprehensive examination, the following results have been obtained in typical experiment report- first, 75 kw electric power drives 75 kw compressed air engine for one hour; second, process compressed air 60000L 30Mpa; third, drive air engine model 6152 circulate for 700times; forth, the tested output power of 200 kw low-speed power generator is 165 kw; fifth, run stably for 21 minutes; sixth, 75 kw electric power is transferred into 55kw; seventh, the maximum transfer efficiency is 73%. From these experiment results, we can see that Xiangtian air engine transfer system doesn’t violate the law of conservation of energy.
Another doubt posed by the public is the mass production of air engine equipment. In fact, compressed air engine locomotives are not new. With global energy shortage and worsening environmental pollution, it has been the focus of every country to seek for new clean energy. Therefore, some people turn their attention to air which is an inexhaustible energy. A dozen of years have passed, air engine automobiles only appeared in some concept auto shows or expos. Commercialized mass production hasn’t be realized until now which makes people lose their interest in it and think it impossible to put air engine automobiles and equipment into mass production.
Facing the doubts mentioned above, Zhou said: “Xiangtian Group has been at the stage of research and development for 12 years and hasn’t turned experiment results into market products. And there are many difficulties for a new product to enter the market. Therefore, we are in an awkward situation. After market investigation, we have made sure that six units of products in two categories can enter into the market. Because materials for parts and accessories, heat treatment process, aging after manufacturing, a comprehensive examination of operation power etc. need to be improved in techniques by our subsidiaries and production units after we decide what models are produced on-line, we still need some more time. We will strictly enforce the quality, appearance, shape, performance, price, market positioning and engineering, in order to create high-quality, environment friendly, pleasing and safe products, and use the basic technical requirements of industrialization to stabilize the industrialization process of Xiangtian group, so that the products of new science and technology can be better accepted.” According to Zhou Dengrong, aerodynamic technology can be applied to various fields, i.e., pneumatic tools, automobiles, hot air balls, pressure cookers, steam boilers, steam trains, medical equipments, mining tools, aerospace, armaments, various machine tools and printing machinery. Thus, Xiangtian’s compressed-air powered engines, including power generators, automobiles, ships and mining equipments, will have broad market shares.
2nd Doubt: Safety Problem
Nowadays, we can travel by airplane, train or ship. But most people are more or less concerned about their own safety. We can imagine how worried the first passenger was on the first journey by these transport means. Similarly, people are also concerned about the safety issue of Xiangtian’s aerodynamic technology. It’s been commonly thought that compressed air will expand quickly due to pressure, which will lead to safety problems. Zhou explained that air expansion refers to the phenomenon that compressed air, heated up to 500 degrees, is mixed with 30% distilled water, where the steam is heated a second time and water will expand. When the steam is heated up to 102 degrees, the size of expandable subject will expand 1244.69 times. Further heating it up to 500 degrees, the size will further expand by 150 times. Such physical phenomenon can be effectively controlled inside the engine’s water carburetor and spiral heat exchanger. When decompressed, the air can be distributed to the cylinder in order and do work. It’s exactly the same with fuel pressure of ordinary engines. Safety can be assured.
Zhou also responded to the public doubt whether the air tank will explode due to unstable air inflow on bumpy roads. He said circular compressed-air power can provide stable and circular power under any unstable conditions at any time. The air tank will not explode. This has been proven in the experiment in Xiangtian’s R & D of aerodynamic technology. Destructive tests showed: the air tank was cracked which led to air leakage. For lack of elasticity of the tank, air will not be pressurized so that the tank will not rebound. Air leaked slowly from the crack in a descending way.
3rd Doubt: Uncertain Economic Benefits
Based on the “principle of entropy increase”, raw energy can be used to compress air to support an engine. Further, mechanical energy can be converted to air energy, which can be converted to electrical energy. Some people are doubtful about the above operating principle. The point is what “raw energy” is. Analysts said such raw energy might be electrical energy. If this is true, an air compressing procedure is added compared to normal electric vehicles. Considering economic benefits, it is not cheaper than fuel. For this doubt, Zhou said that Xiangtian adopted ordinary air compressor in experiment. Power was generated from electricity. However, a series of air filling stations will be established once the compressed-air powered engines are produced in an industrialized way. Power source will be solar-energy converted electricity. Low cost, zero pollution and environmental conservation will be really achieved which can benefit future generations. The performance of electric vehicles decreases with time passing by. The batteries will often be replaced, which is expensive, difficult for degradation. It will also cause pollution to environment. In comparison, aerodynamic vehicles adopt fewer consumables. The life of an air tank used for compressed air storage can reach 50 years. No maintenance is needed. Thus, more costs are saved.
Move Forward in Suspicion
Zhou has almost attended to each detail of the tasks during ten years’ hard work. He has read widely in aerodynamics-related books. The learning process has been hard. But he has experienced the joy other entrepreneurs fail to. Such joy belongs to a scientific researcher. As a successful entrepreneur, Zhou is not engaged in the pursuit of material things. He is dedicated to the research of compressed-air powered engines, which was initiated from a beautiful dream: bringing back city's blue sky! The company was named Xiangtian also because they wanted to leave future generations a sky which could bring them well-being. Zhou says he wants to make some contribution to the cause of energy conservation and emission reduction in China and the world.
The dream is beautiful, but the practice is hard. Only Zhou knows how hard it is. He says his team has met many difficulties in the R & D process in the past ten years, without understanding and financial support from the society and the country. There were suspicions too. He showed understanding towards these difficulties and introspected himself. Zhou believes that he ignored the publicity of technology when dedicating efforts to R & D. “What I’ve done is well deserved and a clear conscience will stand the test of time.” These words are often mentioned by Zhou. They are also his attitude and principles in life. Zhou and his team didn’t stall towards challenges. They have been working hard so that this technology can serve the society. They are determined to convert air resources to air energies.
Today’s Xiangtian Group is walking towards the industrialization. Although there is a long way to go, Xiangtian is determined with their ideal: bringing back city's blue sky! They will leave future generations a sky which can bring them well-being. It’s a common hope of mankind.
President Zhou Dengrong knows pressures from public opinions too well. Ever since he began the research on air engine technology and the production of air engine equipment later, Zhou had been misunderstood and questioned by people surrounding him, including his families and friends. According to him, when he planned to work on air engine at first, his brother and son didn’t support him and even thought this idea was crazy. Their attitudes didn’t change until he turned this technology into reality. He felt pleased when his families gradually changed their attitude from misunderstanding to supporting. However, he knows that the dream of serving the society must be based on the recognition of the public, so getting rid of doubts from the public is the most pleasing thing for him.
1st Doubt: Technology Breakthrough
One miracle of nature is that it inspires people by some natural phenomena which provoked them to explore and make use of it. About five hundred years ago, a group of scientists, who were probably not called scientists then, began to devote themselves to researches on thermodynamics, energy and power. In the middle of the nineteenth century, the commonest and most important law of nature- conservation of energy- was discovered. It states that all matters have energy which can be neither created nor destroyed. For an isolated system, this law means that energy can change its location within the system, and it can change from one subject to another within the system. The total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant over time. Whether it’s physical, chemical, geological, or biological energy transfer in celestial bodies or atoms, as long as there is energy transfer, it obeys the law of conservation of energy. Because this law is universal, it provides solid scientific base for man to make use of coal, oil and other fuels and hydroenergy, wind energy and nuclear energy, thus solving many engineering and technological problems. Therefore, when new technologies appear, they have to prove to conform to this law, so does the air energy transfer system of Xiangtian. Many people doubt that the working principle of it violates the law of conservation of energy and Xiangtian air engine’s introduction was unreasonableXiangtian. As for this, Zhou gives answers to some relevant questions: According to many experiments and comprehensive examination, the following results have been obtained in typical experiment report- first, 75 kw electric power drives 75 kw compressed air engine for one hour; second, process compressed air 60000L 30Mpa; third, drive air engine model 6152 circulate for 700times; forth, the tested output power of 200 kw low-speed power generator is 165 kw; fifth, run stably for 21 minutes; sixth, 75 kw electric power is transferred into 55kw; seventh, the maximum transfer efficiency is 73%. From these experiment results, we can see that Xiangtian air engine transfer system doesn’t violate the law of conservation of energy.
Another doubt posed by the public is the mass production of air engine equipment. In fact, compressed air engine locomotives are not new. With global energy shortage and worsening environmental pollution, it has been the focus of every country to seek for new clean energy. Therefore, some people turn their attention to air which is an inexhaustible energy. A dozen of years have passed, air engine automobiles only appeared in some concept auto shows or expos. Commercialized mass production hasn’t be realized until now which makes people lose their interest in it and think it impossible to put air engine automobiles and equipment into mass production.
Facing the doubts mentioned above, Zhou said: “Xiangtian Group has been at the stage of research and development for 12 years and hasn’t turned experiment results into market products. And there are many difficulties for a new product to enter the market. Therefore, we are in an awkward situation. After market investigation, we have made sure that six units of products in two categories can enter into the market. Because materials for parts and accessories, heat treatment process, aging after manufacturing, a comprehensive examination of operation power etc. need to be improved in techniques by our subsidiaries and production units after we decide what models are produced on-line, we still need some more time. We will strictly enforce the quality, appearance, shape, performance, price, market positioning and engineering, in order to create high-quality, environment friendly, pleasing and safe products, and use the basic technical requirements of industrialization to stabilize the industrialization process of Xiangtian group, so that the products of new science and technology can be better accepted.” According to Zhou Dengrong, aerodynamic technology can be applied to various fields, i.e., pneumatic tools, automobiles, hot air balls, pressure cookers, steam boilers, steam trains, medical equipments, mining tools, aerospace, armaments, various machine tools and printing machinery. Thus, Xiangtian’s compressed-air powered engines, including power generators, automobiles, ships and mining equipments, will have broad market shares.
2nd Doubt: Safety Problem
Nowadays, we can travel by airplane, train or ship. But most people are more or less concerned about their own safety. We can imagine how worried the first passenger was on the first journey by these transport means. Similarly, people are also concerned about the safety issue of Xiangtian’s aerodynamic technology. It’s been commonly thought that compressed air will expand quickly due to pressure, which will lead to safety problems. Zhou explained that air expansion refers to the phenomenon that compressed air, heated up to 500 degrees, is mixed with 30% distilled water, where the steam is heated a second time and water will expand. When the steam is heated up to 102 degrees, the size of expandable subject will expand 1244.69 times. Further heating it up to 500 degrees, the size will further expand by 150 times. Such physical phenomenon can be effectively controlled inside the engine’s water carburetor and spiral heat exchanger. When decompressed, the air can be distributed to the cylinder in order and do work. It’s exactly the same with fuel pressure of ordinary engines. Safety can be assured.
Zhou also responded to the public doubt whether the air tank will explode due to unstable air inflow on bumpy roads. He said circular compressed-air power can provide stable and circular power under any unstable conditions at any time. The air tank will not explode. This has been proven in the experiment in Xiangtian’s R & D of aerodynamic technology. Destructive tests showed: the air tank was cracked which led to air leakage. For lack of elasticity of the tank, air will not be pressurized so that the tank will not rebound. Air leaked slowly from the crack in a descending way.
3rd Doubt: Uncertain Economic Benefits
Based on the “principle of entropy increase”, raw energy can be used to compress air to support an engine. Further, mechanical energy can be converted to air energy, which can be converted to electrical energy. Some people are doubtful about the above operating principle. The point is what “raw energy” is. Analysts said such raw energy might be electrical energy. If this is true, an air compressing procedure is added compared to normal electric vehicles. Considering economic benefits, it is not cheaper than fuel. For this doubt, Zhou said that Xiangtian adopted ordinary air compressor in experiment. Power was generated from electricity. However, a series of air filling stations will be established once the compressed-air powered engines are produced in an industrialized way. Power source will be solar-energy converted electricity. Low cost, zero pollution and environmental conservation will be really achieved which can benefit future generations. The performance of electric vehicles decreases with time passing by. The batteries will often be replaced, which is expensive, difficult for degradation. It will also cause pollution to environment. In comparison, aerodynamic vehicles adopt fewer consumables. The life of an air tank used for compressed air storage can reach 50 years. No maintenance is needed. Thus, more costs are saved.
Move Forward in Suspicion
Zhou has almost attended to each detail of the tasks during ten years’ hard work. He has read widely in aerodynamics-related books. The learning process has been hard. But he has experienced the joy other entrepreneurs fail to. Such joy belongs to a scientific researcher. As a successful entrepreneur, Zhou is not engaged in the pursuit of material things. He is dedicated to the research of compressed-air powered engines, which was initiated from a beautiful dream: bringing back city's blue sky! The company was named Xiangtian also because they wanted to leave future generations a sky which could bring them well-being. Zhou says he wants to make some contribution to the cause of energy conservation and emission reduction in China and the world.
The dream is beautiful, but the practice is hard. Only Zhou knows how hard it is. He says his team has met many difficulties in the R & D process in the past ten years, without understanding and financial support from the society and the country. There were suspicions too. He showed understanding towards these difficulties and introspected himself. Zhou believes that he ignored the publicity of technology when dedicating efforts to R & D. “What I’ve done is well deserved and a clear conscience will stand the test of time.” These words are often mentioned by Zhou. They are also his attitude and principles in life. Zhou and his team didn’t stall towards challenges. They have been working hard so that this technology can serve the society. They are determined to convert air resources to air energies.
Today’s Xiangtian Group is walking towards the industrialization. Although there is a long way to go, Xiangtian is determined with their ideal: bringing back city's blue sky! They will leave future generations a sky which can bring them well-being. It’s a common hope of mankind.