氮素是作物营养的主要成份,作物吸收氮素的量总是大大超过土壤直接供应的量,施用氮肥是农作物增产的重要手段,随着化学工业的发展,化肥使用量逐步增加,但由于施入土壤的氮素化肥受土壤微生物的作用,转化为土壤难于保蓄的硝态氮或气态氮化合物,造成氮素的损失,这个过程亦称为土壤的脱氮作用。据报道,作物施用氮素的利用率一般只有30— Nitrogen is the main component of crop nutrition. The amount of nitrogen absorbed by crops is always much higher than the amount of soil supplied directly. Application of nitrogen fertilizer is an important means of increasing crop yield. With the development of chemical industry, the amount of fertilizer used gradually increases. However, Nitrogen fertilizer into the soil by the role of soil microorganisms, into the soil is difficult to preserve the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen or gaseous nitrogen compounds, resulting in nitrogen losses, this process is also known as soil denitrification. It is reported that the utilization of crop nitrogen application is generally only 30-