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[目的]分析某新型建筑材料煤矸石页岩烧结砖项目在生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素及其危害程度,确定职业病危害的关键控制点。[方法]采用职业卫生学现场调查、职业卫生现场检测、职业健康检查和实验室分析等方法等进行分析、评价。[结果]该项目主要存在的职业病危害因素为矽尘(10%≤游离Si O2质量分数≤50%)、噪声和高温。职业病危害因素检测结果表明,矽尘总粉尘浓度合格率为28.57%,噪声声级合格率为21.43%。职业健康检查发现18名接触噪声作业劳动者听力异常,15名接尘作业劳动者肺功能异常。[结论]该项目属于职业病危害较重的项目,板式给料、双轴搅拌挤出、切坯、砖坯成型、自动码坯(一线、二线)、成型中控为噪声关键控制点;多斗挖掘和给料为粉尘关键控制点。该项目需加强和重视关键控制点的防治措施,结合防护设施尽可能地减少职业病危害。
[Objective] The purpose was to analyze the occupational hazards and the degree of harm in the production process of a new type of gangue shale fired brick project and determine the key control points of occupational hazards. [Methods] The occupational health field survey, occupational health field test, occupational health examination and laboratory analysis and other methods were used for analysis and evaluation. [Result] The main risk factors of occupational diseases in the project were silica dust (10% ≤ free Si O2 ≤ 50%), noise and high temperature. Occupational hazards test results show that the total dust concentration of silica dust qualified rate of 28.57%, the noise level qualified rate of 21.43%. Occupational health examination found that 18 workers exposed to noise work hearing anomalies, and 15 workers exposed to dust work lung function abnormalities. [Conclusion] The project belonged to the project with heavy occupational hazards, such as plate feeding, biaxial mixing extrusion, blank cutting, brick forming and automatic billet (first line and second line) And feed for the dust of the key control points. The project needs to strengthen and attach importance to the prevention and cure measures of key control points, and combine protective facilities to reduce occupational hazards as much as possible.