通过对蓟运河故道消落带的土壤种子进行萌发实验,确定了土壤种子库的物种组成、物种多样性指数和相似性指数,并对土壤种子库的物种特征进行了空间层次分析。结果表明:(1)蓟运河故道消落带土壤种子库共有16种植物,隶属于8科15属,其中藜科4种,菊科5种。3个区域土壤种子库物种相对多度和密度大小分布顺序为:洪淹区>偶淹区>常淹区。(2)不同区域种子库的Shannon—Wiener指数和Margalef丰富度指数随着水位的降低呈下降趋势,而生态优势度和Pielou均匀度指数有增大趋势。(3)种子库的空间分布特征明显,其中0—5cm层种子数量最多,为623粒/m2;同时3个区域种子数量差异显著,洪淹区土壤种子库物种数量比偶淹区和常淹区分别多出253和353粒/m2,而偶淹区土壤种子库物种数量与常淹区仅相差100粒/m2。 Through the germination experiments of soil seeds in the Himalayan belt of the Jiyun River, the species composition, species diversity index and similarity index of the soil seed bank were determined. The spatial characteristics of the soil seed bank were also analyzed. The results showed that: (1) There are 16 species of soil seed bank in the Himalayan waterway belt, belonging to 8 genera and 15 genera, including 4 species of Chenopodiaceae and 5 species of Compositae. The order of relative abundance and density of soil seed bank species in the three regions is as follows: flooded area> even flooded area> often flooded area. (2) The Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef richness index of seed bank in different regions showed a decreasing trend with the decrease of water level, while the ecological dominance index and Pielou evenness index increased. (3) The spatial distribution of seed bank was obvious, of which, the number of seeds in 0-5cm layer was the highest, which was 623 seeds / m2. At the same time, the number of seeds in three regions was significantly different. And 253 and 353 seeds / m2 respectively, while the number of soil seed bank species in the submerged area only differs by 100 grains / m2 from that in the frequently flooded area.