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目前在农药毒理工作上尚存在一些待解决的问题。如农药毒性常因生产工厂、工艺流程、原料、产品纯度等不同,而LD_(50)值有很大差异,因此,任何农药厂产品均应有本身的实测LD_(50),不能用国外同一品种的毒性资料来代替,本文列举具体资料加以论证。其次,急性毒性测定结果,只能表示农药对机体的近期效应,而长期作用下(致畸、致癌等)的远期效应是不可忽视的。本文举出实例,说明任何农药产品在确定急性毒性后,应继续进行慢性试验,以确定该农药有无致突变、致畸、致癌及慢性毒性等作用。其次,染毒时间及观察期限的长短,可直接影响实验结果,而目前尚乏明确规定,因此,应明文统一规定经呼吸道染毒时间为4小时,经皮肤染毒为涂敷4小时后,予以清洗。并应统一规定任何途径染毒后,除特殊需要外,实验后观察期为7天,本文分别提出实例予以论证。最后,毒性分级是制订机体防护措施的依据,因此,针对现行毒性分级过粗的缺点,提出6级毒性分级的建议。
At present there are still some problems to be solved in pesticide toxicology work. Such as pesticide toxicity often due to the production plant, process, raw materials, product purity, etc., and LD_ (50) values are very different, therefore, any pesticide products should have their own test LD_ (50), can not be the same Species toxicity data to be replaced, this article enumerates the specific information to be demonstrated. Second, the results of acute toxicity test can only indicate the immediate effects of pesticides on the body, but long-term effects (teratogenicity, carcinogenesis, etc.) can not be ignored. This article gives an example, indicating that any pesticide products in the determination of acute toxicity, should continue the chronic test to determine whether the mutagenicity of pesticides, teratogenic, carcinogenic and chronic toxicity and so on. Second, the duration of exposure and the duration of the observation period can directly affect the experimental results, but currently there is no clear provision, therefore, should be clearly defined unified by the respiratory tract exposure time of 4 hours, 4 hours after the skin exposure to paint, To be cleaned. And should be uniform provisions of any way after exposure, in addition to special needs, the experimental observation period of 7 days, this paper presents examples to be demonstrated. Finally, the toxicity classification is the basis for the formulation of body protection measures. Therefore, in view of the shortcomings of the current toxicity classification too coarse, put forward the proposal of grade 6 toxicity classification.