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在彼此作相对运动的两固体表面,润滑能防止摩擦,磨损和控制表面损伤。在机械加工作业或磨削中,润滑有助于最大限度地切除工件材料(即磨损),而使刀具和砂轮的磨损尽可能减少,并保证满意的工件光洁度和精度。在大型蒸汽轮机中,适当的轴承润滑能使摩擦下降到最低限度,并能防止表面损伤。而在液力制动器与离合器中,润滑剂能保持适当的摩擦,尽量减少摩擦材料的磨损和表面损伤。这几个例子中的所有摩擦,磨损和表面损伤,都由于润滑而得到减少,这种润滑包括两种类型——“流体”润滑与“边界”润滑——中的一种或两种。
On two solid surfaces that move relative to each other, lubrication prevents friction, wear, and surface damage. In machining operations or grinding, lubrication helps minimize workpiece material (ie, wear) while minimizing tool and wheel wear and ensuring satisfactory finish and accuracy. In large steam turbines, proper bearing lubrication minimizes friction and prevents surface damage. In hydraulic brakes and clutches, lubricants maintain proper friction and minimize wear and surface damage to the friction material. All of the friction, wear and surface damage in these examples are reduced by lubrication, which includes one or both of the two types - “fluid” lubrication and “boundary” lubrication.