目的:探讨聚乳酸基形状记忆输卵管避孕材料的安全性。方法:雌性大白兔15只随机分为实验组、自身对照组及空白组,分别于术后1、4、8周,取输卵管制作标本,以光镜及透射电镜观察黏膜变化。结果:实验组及自身对照组手术侧,肉眼可见材料植入体内后变短粗,后期逐渐变细小,光镜下初期可见输卵管皱襞被压缩,后皱襞内逐渐有纤维增生。电镜下上皮细胞内有异物颗粒,后期肌细胞间可见大量胶原。结论:聚乳酸基形状记忆材料植入兔输卵管后能刺激输卵管纤维组织增生,材料可降解,对机体无危害。 Objective: To investigate the safety of polylactic acid based shape memory fallopian tube contraceptive materials. Methods: Fifteen female rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group, self-control group and blank group. The specimens were taken from the oviducts at 1, 4 and 8 weeks after operation. The changes of mucosa were observed with light microscope and transmission electron microscope. Results: In the experimental group and the self-control group, the material of the experimental group became shorter after implantation into the body and gradually became smaller at the later stage. The oviduct folds were compressed initially in the light microscope and the fibroids gradually developed in the folds. Electron microscopy epithelial cells within the foreign particles, a large number of collagen seen in late muscle cells. CONCLUSION: Polylactic acid-based shape memory material can stimulate the proliferation of tubal fiber after implantation into the fallopian tubes, and the material can be degraded without any harm to the body.