论文部分内容阅读
Elymus rectisetus( Nees in L ehm ) A.L ove et Connor是目前小麦族 ( Triticeae)中发现的唯一的无融合生殖种。本研究以普通小麦 ( Triticum aestivum L.;2 n=6x=4 2 ,AABBDD)为母本 ,以E.rectisetus( 2 n=6x=4 2 ,SSYYWW)为父本进行杂交 ,经过幼胚拯救获得了属间杂种 F1。杂种 F1分蘖力强 ,具有多年生习性 ,其形态特征偏向于父本。杂种 F1高度雄性不育 ,自交不结实。对杂种根尖体细胞的细胞学观察发现 ,杂种 F1体细胞染色体数 2 n=9x=63( SSYYWWABD) ,其中 2 1条来自普通小麦 ,4 2条来自 E.rectisetus。花粉母细胞染色体配对频率为 :2 2 .69 +16.15rod +3.0 1ring +0 .83 +0 .0 1 。小麦白粉病抗性鉴定结果表明 ,杂种 F1及父本 E.rectisetus表现免疫 ,而母本Fukuhokomugi高度感染白粉病。上述杂种的获得为将 E.rectisetus无融合生殖基因及抗白粉病基因向小麦中转育奠定了基础。
Elymus rectisetus (Nees in L ehm) A. L ove et Connor is the only apomixis found in the Triticeae. In this study, we used T. asiatus (2 n = 6x = 4 2, SSYYWW) as the male parent of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.; 2 n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) Interspecific F1 was obtained. F1 hybrid tillering ability, with perennial habits, its morphological characteristics tend to paternal. Hybrid F1 is highly male sterile, selfing is not strong. Cytological observation of hybrid apical somatic cells showed that the chromosome number of hybrid F1 was 2 n = 9x = 63 (SSYYWWABD), of which 21 were from common wheat and 42 were from E.rectis etus. The frequency of chromosome pairing of pollen mother cells is: 2 2 .69 + 16.15rod +3.0 1ring +0 .83 +0 .0 1. The result of wheat powdery mildew resistance showed that hybrid F1 and its parent E.rectisetus were immunized, while female parent Fukuhokomugi was highly susceptible to powdery mildew. The accession of these hybrids laid the foundation for transplanting E.rectisetus apomictic genes and resistance to powdery mildew in wheat.