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目的了解不同情况下手足口病标本的病毒核酸检出情况,从而为手足口病疫情监测中标本的采集提供科学依据。方法利用SPSS13.0及Excel软件,通过描述性分析和χ2检验对龙岗区疾病预防控制中心实验室检测系统的手足口病检测信息进行统计分析。结果 2010年1月-2012年9月,共检测手足口病相关标本839份,共检出EV71和CoxA16病毒核酸342份(检出率为40.76%),其中EV71和CoxA16检出率分别为27.53%和13.23%;无标本检出EV71和CoxA16混合感染;不同年度手足口病标本的EV71检出率(χ2=16.63,P=0.00)和CoxA16检出率(χ2=14.45,P=0.00)之间差异有统计学意义;流行期送检标本的EV71检出率(30.72%,300/651)显著高于非流行期(16.49%,31/188)(χ2=14.81,P=0.00);发病3 d内采样标本的CoxA16阳性检出率(χ2=7.49,P=0.01)显著高于发病3 d后采样的标本;临床病例标本EV71病毒核酸检出率(χ2=9.31,P=0.00)显著高于暴发/聚集性疫情检出率;不同部位采集标本的EV71检出率(χ2=3.30,P=0.19)及CoxA16检出率(χ2=5.13,P=0.08)差异无统计学意义。结论 2010-2012年度龙岗区EV71和CoxA16均有流行,发病3 d内的咽拭子或肛拭子标本可较好的替代粪便标本用于手足口病疫情监测。
Objective To understand the detection of virus nucleic acid in hand, foot and mouth disease specimens in different situations so as to provide a scientific basis for the collection of specimens in hand-foot-mouth disease surveillance. Methods SPSS13.0 and Excel software were used to analyze the detection information of hand, foot and mouth disease in laboratory testing system of Longgang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention by descriptive analysis and χ2 test. Results From January 2010 to September 2012, 839 samples of hand-foot-mouth disease were detected, and 342 copies of EV71 and CoxA16 virus nucleic acid were detected (the detection rate was 40.76%). The detection rates of EV71 and CoxA16 were 27.53 % And 13.23%, respectively. EV71 and CoxA16 mixed infection was detected in all samples. The detection rate of EV71 and CoxA16 (χ2 = 14.45, P = 0.00) There was a significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). The detection rate of EV71 in the epidemic period was significantly higher than that in non-epidemic period (30.72%, 300/651) (χ2 = 14.81, P = 0.00) The positive detection rate of CoxA16 (χ2 = 7.49, P = 0.01) was significantly higher in samples sampled within 3 days than those sampled 3 days after infection. The detection rate of nucleic acid of EV71 virus in clinical samples was significantly higher than that of clinical samples (χ2 = 9.31, P = 0.00) (Χ2 = 3.30, P = 0.19) and the detection rate of CoxA16 (χ2 = 5.13, P = 0.08). There was no significant difference in the detection rate of EV71 among the samples collected from different sites. Conclusion The EV71 and CoxA16 in Longgang District were both epidemic in 2010-2012. Throat swabs or rectal swab specimens within 3 days of onset were a good alternative to stool specimens for the monitoring of HFMD.