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基础工程是由地基和基础结构组成的整体。在外力作用下 ,地基或基础结构的任一部分进入极限状态都将使基础工程破坏。本文提出了基础工程可能产生的各种极限状态 ,并引进了基础工程设计的可控性概念 ,建立了求解天然地基上基础工程在各种极限状态下承载力的虚功率方程。指出了传统地基极限承载力 ,是基础工程众多可能极限状态中 ,仅当地基达强度极限状态时的特例。最后以天然地基上条形基础为例 ,依据所建立的虚功率方程 ,推求出各种极限状态下极限承载力计算公式 ,并给出了工程算例供对比
Fundamental engineering is the overall composition of the foundation and infrastructure. Under the action of external force, any part of the foundations or infrastructures entering the limit state will destroy the foundation works. In this paper, various limit states that may arise from the basic engineering are proposed. The concept of controllability of basic engineering design is introduced. The virtual power equation for solving the bearing capacity of foundation engineering on the natural foundation under various extreme conditions is established. It is pointed out that the ultimate bearing capacity of traditional foundations is a special case of many possible ultimate states of foundation engineering, only when the ultimate strength of the foundation is reached. Finally, taking the strip foundation on natural foundation as an example, the formulas of ultimate bearing capacity at various ultimate states are deduced according to the established virtual power equation, and the engineering examples are given for comparison