一、建构知识基础第一,汉字基础。小学生的汉字基础不仅具体包括每一个汉字的音、形、义,还应包括学生对汉字演变规律的掌握。小学语文的汉字教学中虽未涉及造字法的相关知识,但汉字造字法的内容及其形象化的渗透,无疑对学生掌握相关的知识有着重要的影响。第二,语音基础。小学阶段的语音基础应该以汉语拼音的相关知识为主。相关知识的掌握可以帮助他们在自学中不断扩充自己的识字量,掌握更多的 First, the construction of knowledge base First, the foundation of Chinese characters. The basis of Chinese characters for primary school students not only includes the sound, shape and righteousness of each Chinese character, but also the students’ mastery of the evolution of Chinese characters. The primary Chinese teaching of Chinese characters does not involve the related knowledge of the Chinese characters. However, the content of Chinese characters and its visual infiltration undoubtedly have an important influence on students’ mastery of relevant knowledge. Second, the basic voice. The basic phonetic foundation of primary school should be based on the relevant knowledge of Pinyin. The mastery of related knowledge can help them to continue to expand their self-learning literacy, master more