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目的:了解上海市社区戒毒康复现状,探索适合于上海戒毒康复体系和进一步完善措施。方法:通过机构调查和对上海市2003年10月―2005年1月分布在19个区、县,232个街镇登记在册19738名吸毒者社区康复帮教工作进行统计,并对相关因素进行调查分析。结果:上海市社区戒毒康复工作,原先只由所在地公安派出所和居委会作为主要力量,致使戒毒人员重返社区后的康复帮教工作相当薄弱,戒毒后复吸率高。对此,引起了上海市政府部门高度重视,采取了一系列应对措施,包括三个方面:⑴建立专职禁毒社工队伍,使社会帮教工作得到有效落实。⑵将心理治疗、预防复吸作为戒毒康复重要组成部分。⑶将公共卫生方面的精神卫生预防控制体系功能延伸到社区戒毒康复。结论:上海市目前虽然具有天时、地利、人和的戒毒康复基础工作条件。但如何将司法、医疗、社区各部门的资源更好地加以整合,发挥其最大的社会效益,推动社区戒毒康复相关工作系统科学地发展,还存在薄弱环节和空白点,有待进一步完善。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the status quo of community drug rehabilitation in Shanghai, to explore suitable for Shanghai drug rehabilitation system and to further improve measures. Methods: Through institutional survey and survey of 19,387 drug abusers registered in 19 districts, counties and 232 towns in Shanghai from October 2003 to January 2005, statistics were made on the community rehabilitation work, and the related factors were investigated and analyzed . Results: In the community rehabilitation program in Shanghai, the police station and neighborhood committee were the only major force in the community. As a result, the work of rehabilitative assistance for rehabilitated drug addicts after returning to the community was rather weak. In this regard, Shanghai government departments have drawn great attention and adopted a series of response measures, including three aspects: (1) Establishing a full-time anti-drug social worker team so that the social assistance and education work can be effectively implemented. ⑵ psychological treatment, prevention and re-absorption as an important part of rehabilitation. (3) The function of mental health prevention and control system in public health will be extended to community drug rehabilitation. Conclusion: At present, Shanghai has the basic working conditions of rehabilitation of patients, geography, people and people. However, how to integrate the resources of the judiciary, medical care and various departments of the community better, give full play to their maximum social benefits, and promote the scientific and systematic development of community-based drug rehabilitation programs, there are still some weaknesses and gaps that need to be further perfected.