开采沉陷模拟对矿区的环境治理和生态恢复具有重要意义。本文将开采沉陷理论与地理元胞自动机相结合,基于GIS平台,以VS2010为开发工具,利用面向对象的方法,构建了开采沉陷元胞空间,探讨了开采沉陷元胞自动机模型的框架结构及实现方法,构建了开采沉陷模拟对象关系图,建立了开采沉陷元胞自动机演化模型。以山西某煤矿为例,开发了开采沉陷元胞自动机原型系统,根据研究区的煤层条件和开发方法,进行了模拟实验,分析未来开采沉陷的演变过程,为土地复垦和生态修复提供依据。结果表明,采用面向对象的方法能够较好地进行开采沉陷系统分析和开发,基于GIS和CA进行开采沉陷模拟,开发方便,系统兼容性好,能够展示更多的时空信息,便于数据管理。在空间划分上,CA模型能够与传统的预计方法有机融合,较为准确地预测未来的地表塌陷损毁情况,为塌陷区治理提供依据。由于开采沉陷涉及的学科较多,未来还需进一步完善演化模型,探讨三维空间下的系统演化过程,提高模拟的真实感和实用性。 Mining subsidence simulation is of great significance to environmental management and ecological restoration in mining area. In this paper, mining subsidence theory and geographic cellular automaton are combined. Based on GIS platform, VS2010 is used as development tool and the object-oriented method is used to construct the subsidence cell space. The framework of mining subsidence cellular automaton model And the realization method, the relationship diagram of mining subsidence simulation object is constructed and the evolutionary model of subsidence cellular automaton is established. Taking a coal mine in Shanxi Province as an example, a prototype system of mining subsidence cellular automata was developed. According to the coal seam conditions and development methods in the study area, a simulation experiment was conducted to analyze the evolution process of future mining subsidence and provide the basis for land reclamation and ecological restoration . The results show that the object - oriented method can be used to analyze and develop the mining subsidence system well and to simulate the mining subsidence based on GIS and CA. The method is easy to develop, has good system compatibility, can display more spatiotemporal information and is convenient for data management. In the space division, the CA model can be organically integrated with the traditional prediction method to predict the future collapse of the surface subsidence more accurately and provide the basis for the control of the subsidence area. Due to the large number of subjects involved in mining subsidence, the evolutionary model needs to be further improved in the future to explore the system evolution process in three-dimensional space and enhance the realisticness and practicability of the simulation.