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目的:探讨半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)和胎盘生长因子(PLGF)在不明原因早期胚胎停止发育患者绒毛和蜕膜组织中的表达情况。方法:选择30例不明原因早期胚胎停育患者(研究组)和30例正常早期妊娠妇女(对照组)为研究对象,采用DNA缺口原位末端标记技术(TUNEL法)检测绒毛滋养细胞和蜕膜细胞的细胞凋亡情况;采用免疫组织化学SP法检测两组绒毛和蜕膜组织中Caspase-3和PLGF的表达水平。结果:①研究组绒毛滋养细胞的凋亡指数(50.16±5.18)%明显高于对照组(18.00±4.00)%(P<0.01),蜕膜细胞的凋亡指数(48.66±4.48)%也明显高于对照组(18.44±3.71)%(P<0.01);②Caspase-3在研究组绒毛组织中表达(0.425 8±0.044 2)明显高于对照组(0.304 3±0.040 1),P<0.01,其在蜕膜组织中的表达(0.417 5±0.051 5)亦明显高于对照组(0.310 7±0.034 2),P<0.01;PLGF在研究组绒毛(0.320 8±0.035 4)和蜕膜(0.317 7±0.021 6)组织中的表达均明显低于对照组(0.405 1±0.029 0,0.412 1±0.034 4),P均<0.01。结论:妊娠妇女胎盘组织内细胞凋亡比例增高,滋养细胞和蜕膜功能受损导致胎盘血管生成障碍可能是早期不明原因胚胎停育发生的基础。
Objective: To investigate the expression of caspase-3 and placental growth factor (PLGF) in the villi and decidua of patients with unexplained early embryo development. Methods: Thirty trophoblastic cells and decidua (control group) were selected from 30 patients with unexplained early embryo implantation (study group) and 30 normal early pregnant women (control group). TUNEL method was used to detect villous trophoblasts and decidua Cell apoptosis was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of Caspase-3 and PLGF in the villi and decidua tissues of the two groups were detected by immunohistochemical SP method. Results: ① The apoptosis index (50.16 ± 5.18)% of the villous trophoblast cells in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (18.00 ± 4.00)% (P <0.01), and the apoptotic index of the decidual cells (48.66 ± 4.48)% was also significant (P <0.01). (2) The expression of Caspase-3 in the villus of the study group (0.425 8 ± 0.044 2) was significantly higher than that of the control group (0.304 3 ± 0.040 1) (0.417 5 ± 0.051 5) was also significantly higher in the decidua than that in the control group (0.310 7 ± 0.034 2, P <0.01). In the study group, the expression of PLGF in the villus (0.320 8 ± 0.035 4) and decidua 7 ± 0.021 6) were significantly lower than those in the control group (0.405 1 ± 0.029 0,0.412 1 ± 0.034 4), P <0.01. Conclusion: The proportion of apoptosis in placenta of pregnant women is increased, and the dysfunction of trophoblasts and decidua may lead to placental angiogenesis disorder may be the basis of the early stage of unknown embryo stop.