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路径依赖①或者说制度惯性作用是经济发展中反复出现的现象。改革开放以来,发展商业信用是金融市场化的重要内容,商业信用票据化是商业信用体系成熟的重要标志。②而我国商业信用的发展道路却显现出强烈的路径依赖特征:一是商业信用主体形式仍是传统的挂账式商业信用,票据化商业信用发展滞后;二是票据化商业信用又严重依赖于银行信用,银行承兑汇票占绝对份额,商业承兑汇票微不足道。票据化商业信用发展迟缓,表明商业信用发展存在严重的路径依赖。商业信用的健康发展急需打破这一路径依赖。本文拟从四个方面讨论改革开放以来商业信用发展中的路径依赖问题。第一部分分析路径依赖对政府制定商业信用政策的影响,第二部分论述商业信用的发展过分依赖于传统挂账式路径,第三部分阐明票据化商业信用发展严重依赖于银行信用,第四部分探讨路径依赖对商业信用发展的障碍及排除障碍的出路。
Path dependence ① Or the inertia of the system is a recurring phenomenon in economic development. Since the reform and opening up, the development of commercial credit is an important part of financial marketization. Commercial credit bill is an important symbol of the maturity of commercial credit system. ② The development path of China’s commercial credit shows a strong path dependence characteristics: First, the main body of commercial credit is still the traditional credit-linked commercial credit, commercial credit development of bills lags behind; Second, commercial credit is heavily dependent on the bank Credit, bank acceptance accounted for the absolute share of commercial acceptance bills insignificant. The slow development of bill-oriented commercial credit shows that there is a serious path dependence in commercial credit development. The healthy development of commercial credit urgently needs to break this path dependence. This article intends to discuss the path dependence in the development of commercial credit since the reform and opening up from four aspects. The first part analyzes the influence of path dependence on the formulation of commercial credit policy by the government. The second part discusses that the development of commercial credit relies too much on the traditional hanging-off path. The third part states that the development of bill-oriented commercial credit depends heavily on bank credit. The fourth part discusses the path Dependence on the development of commercial credit barriers and obstacles to remove the way out.