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目的了解现代社会青少年健康危险行为的现状,为青少年健康教育提供依据。方法采取三阶段整群随机抽样方法,抽取4 739名大、中学生,用中国青少年健康危险行为调查问卷进行问卷调查。结果大、中学生中,偏食率为37.5%~57.4%;过去1周每天喝汽水饮料一次以上者有8.7%~17.5%,每天吃甜点1次以上者有13.2%~24.6%,每天吃早餐有42.3%~65.8%,每天喝牛奶有10.3%~22.4%;过去30d采取过减肥措施的有51.1%~67.4%;过去1周进行中等强度体育运动3d以上者有28.5%~43.5%。过去30d骑自行车违规发生率为62.5%~77.6%;过去30d受欺侮发生率为9.2%~11.9%,过去12个月里斗殴发生率为17.4%~28.5%,学习压力重报告率为14.3%~29.6%,抑郁报告率为14.5%~17.7%,严重受伤报告率为13.3%~15.4%;目前吸烟率为12.6%~22.0%,重度饮酒率为8.0%~31.4%,醉酒率为9.9%~39.2%;网络成瘾者有2.5%~4.9%,曾参加过赌博报告率为15.2%~23.6%;高中和大学生边缘性行为发生率分别为28.6%和43.7%。各种健康危险行为中,不同性别及不同学习阶段学生之间多数有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论现代社会青少年健康危险行为较为普遍,学校应开展健康教育。
Objective To understand the current status of adolescent health risk behaviors in modern society and to provide the basis for adolescent health education. Methods A three-stage cluster random sampling method was adopted. A total of 4 739 middle and high school students were sampled and questionnaires were conducted using the questionnaire of health risk behaviors among Chinese adolescents. The results of large and middle school students, the partial eclipse rate was 37.5% ~ 57.4%; the past week drink soft drinks once a day more than those who have 8.7% ~ 17.5%, eat more than 1 times a day have 13.2% ~ 24.6%, eat breakfast every day 42.3% ~ 65.8%. They drink 10.3% ~ 22.4% of milk every day. 51.1% ~ 67.4% of them took the weight loss measures in the past 30 days. They have 28.5% ~ 43.5% of those who have had more than 3 days of moderate-intensity sports in the past week. In the past 30 days, the incidence of cycling violations was 62.5% -77.6%; in the past 30 days, the incidence of bullying was 9.2% ~ 11.9%; in the past 12 months, the incidence of fighting was 17.4% -28.5%, and the learning pressure was reported as 14.3% ~ 29.6%, the reported rate of depression was 14.5% ~ 17.7% and the rate of severe injury was 13.3% ~ 15.4%. The current smoking rate was 12.6% ~ 22.0%, the severe alcohol consumption was 8.0% ~ 31.4%, the drunk rate was 9.9% ~ 39.2%; Internet addiction 2.5% ~ 4.9%, who participated in the gambling reported rate of 15.2% ~ 23.6%; high school and college students marginalized incidence rates were 28.6% and 43.7%. Among various health risk behaviors, most of the students of different genders and different learning stages had statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion Adolescents’ health risk behaviors are more common in modern society. Schools should carry out health education.