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目的探讨肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤(AMM)的临床病理特征,对其诊断和鉴别诊断进行讨论。方法观察组织形态学结构并结合免疫组化的方法,对6例AMM进行临床病理分析。结果 AMM患者的主要临床症状为排便习惯改变、便血、肛门口脱出肿物、肛门坠胀和肛周疼痛。肿瘤由多种类型细胞组成,如上皮样、梭形及未分化小细胞等。免疫组化标记瘤细胞:HMB45、S-100蛋白、Vim均(+)。6例患者全部误诊。结论 AMM是一种相对少见、恶性度极高的肿瘤,临床误诊率高。
Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features of anorectal malignant melanoma (AMM) and discuss its diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Methods Sixty cases of AMM were observed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Results The main clinical symptoms of patients with AMM were changes in bowel habits, hematochezia, prolapse of the anus, swelling of the anus and perianal pain. Tumors are composed of many types of cells, such as epithelioid, spindle-shaped and undifferentiated small cells. Immunohistochemistry labeled tumor cells: HMB45, S-100 protein, Vim average (+). All 6 patients were misdiagnosed. Conclusion AMM is a relatively rare and highly malignant tumor with high misdiagnosis rate.