目的:探讨宫内诊断脑室出血的胎儿的出生结局及预后，为临床咨询和处理提供帮助。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2020年4月在北京大学第一医院经胎儿神经系统超声（neurosonogram, NSG）确诊的89例脑室出血胎儿的临床资料，分析不同出血分级及是否合并其他异常的胎儿的出生结局并随访至3个月以上。采用儿童发育筛查系统ASQ-3（Ages & Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition）、ASQ-SE（Ages & Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional）评估患儿身体发育、沟通、运动、社交情绪等发育情况。采用描述性统计分析。结果:（1）89例脑室出血胎儿中，66.3%（59/89）同时行胎儿颅脑MRI检查，其中54.2%（32/59）MRI与NSG均诊断脑室出血，33.9%（20/59）NSG诊断脑室囊性陈旧出血、MRI漏诊病例在新生儿期的颅脑超声均证实有脑室出血，11.9%（7/59）失访或引产。MRI在证实超声诊断脑室出血的基础上补充诊断3例脑皮质发育畸形、3例硬膜下出血和2例脑实质出血。（2）89例胎儿中的37例（41.6%）在生后行新生儿颅脑超声检查，均显示脑室少量陈旧出血，与胎儿NSG诊断一致。（3）脑室出血合并侧脑室增宽38例次（失访3例、引产18例、胎死宫内1例、生后预后良好15例、预后不良1例），合并严重出血后遗症10例次（失访1例、引产9例），合并颅脑畸形10例次（失访1例、引产8例、生后预后不良1例），合并颅外畸形（肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻）2例（生后预后均良好）。（4）胎儿Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级脑室出血例数分别为29、30、16、14例。89例胎儿中共失访12例，胎死宫内3例（均为Ⅳ级脑室出血），引产31例，分娩并生后随访43例。随访43例中，2例（1例Ⅰ级脑室出血合并胼胝体发育不良、1例Ⅲ级脑室出血胎儿合并巨细胞病毒感染）预后不良；其余41例预后良好，其中胎儿期脑室出血Ⅲ级1例、Ⅱ级17例、Ⅰ级23例。结论:胎儿NSG是胎儿脑室出血的首选筛查方法，MRI可以作为辅助手段。出血分级及是否合并其他异常与胎儿预后可能相关，孤立性Ⅰ、Ⅱ级脑室出血胎儿预后相对良好。“,”Objective:To investigate the neonatal outcomes and prognosis of fetuses who were prenatally diagnosed with intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH) to provide evidence for clinical consultation and management.Methods:Clinical data of fetal IVH cases (n n=89) diagnosed by fetal neurosonogram (NSG) in Peking University First Hospital from January 2012 to April 2020 were retrospectively collected, and neonatal outcomes were analyzed, involving fetuses with different grades of IVH and coexisting abnormalities. These patients were followed up for more than three months after birth. Two child development screening systems, Ages & Stages Questionnaires (Third Edition) (ASQ-3) and Ages & Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ-SE), were used to assess the development of the patients from several aspects including physical growth, oral communication, motor ability and social emotions. Descriptive statistical analysis was used in this study.n Results:(1) A total of 89 fetuses were enrolled and 66.3% (59/89) of them underwent fetal cranial MRI examination after ultrasound diagnosis. Among these 59 cases, 32(54.2%) had the same results with fetal NSG; 20(33.9%) with the diagnosis of remote ventricular cystic hemorrhage by fetal NSG, but misdiagnosed by MRI, were all confirmed by neonatal craniocerebral ultrasound; 7(11.9%) were lost to follow-up or terminated. In addition to IVH that was consistent with the ultrasound diagnosis, MRI also found three cases of cortical malformation, three cases of subdural hemorrhage and two cases of cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage. (2) Among the 89 cases, 37 (41.6%) underwent neonatal craniocerebral ultrasound examination after birth showing small amount of remote IVH, which was consistent with previous fetal NSG diagnosis. (3) There were 38 cases complicated by lateral ventricular widening (three lost to follow-up, 18 were terminated , one died in uterus, 15 with good and one with poor outcome), 10 cases by severe IVH sequelae (one lost to follow-up and nine were terminated) and 10 by craniocerebral malformation (one lost to follow-up, eight were terminated and one with poor neonatal prognosis). Two cases with extracranial malformation (ureteropelvic junction obstruction) were healthy after birth. (4) There were 29, 30, 16 and 14 cases of gradeⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ andⅣ of fetal IVH, respectively. Among all cases, 12 were lost to follow-up; three died in uterus (all with gradeⅣ IVH); 31 were terminated and 43 were born and followed up. During the follow-up of the 43 cases, two (one grade Ⅰ case with corpus callosum dysplasia and one grade Ⅲ case with fetal cytomegalovirus infection) had poor prognosis, while the other 41 (one gradeⅢ, 17 gradeⅡ and 23 gradeⅠcases) showed no severe abnormalities.Conclusions:Fetal NSG is the first choice in screening fetal IVH and MRI can be a valuable aid. The neonatal prognosis may be associated with the grade of hemorrhage and coexisting abnormalities. Fetuses with isolated grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ IVH usually have a relatively good prognosis.