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谭正璧的《中国小说发达史》以“进化的文学史观”为核心,考察中国小说发生、发展的内在动因以及外缘推助。在小说史的撰写中,谭正璧既关注作品所植根的历史环境及文体间的交互影响,从传统学术路径入手,融入以反映论为基础的社会历史批评方法,深化小说文本剖析。同时,受“进化的文学史观”文体演进的影响,强调小说研究的辨体意识,不仅对小说文体、小说观念内部的演进蜕化十分重视,且在辨析小说体格的基础上对《中国小说史略》既定小说基本类例进行改动。谭正璧的小说史研究推进鲁迅开辟的现代小说研究范式的发展,但也不可避免地陷入“进化论”的时代局限。
TAN Zhengbi’s “History of the Development of Chinese Fiction” focuses on “Evolutionary Literary History” and examines the intrinsic motivation and push of the periphery for the occurrence and development of Chinese novels. In the writing of novel history, Tan is focusing on the historical environment rooted in his works and the interaction between genres and works. Starting from the traditional academic path, he incorporates the social-historical criticism method based on the reflection theory and deepens the analysis of the novel’s text. At the same time, under the influence of “evolutionary literary history view” style evolution and emphasizing the differentiation consciousness of fiction research, not only attaches great importance to the evolution degeneration of novel style and novel concept, but also analyzes “ The history of the novel ”set of basic examples of fiction to be changed. Tan Zhengbi’s research on the history of fiction promotes the development of modern fiction paradigm opened by Lu Xun, but it inevitably falls into the limitations of “evolutionism.”