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张之洞(1837-1909)字孝达、香涛,河北南皮人,清同治进士,历任湖北学政、四川学政,倡导经史实学。后擢升山西巡抚、两广总督,再任湖广总督,其间两次署两广总督。1907年晋升为体仁阁大学士,官至军机大臣(兼管学部),卒谥文襄。张之洞是晚清洋务派的代表人物。1889年至1906年,张之洞任湖广总督期间,
Zhang Zhidong (1837-1909) the word Xiaoda, Xiang Tao, Hebei Nanpi people, Tongzhi Scholars, served as Hubei Xuezheng, Sichuan school politics, advocated by the history of real learning. Later promoted to governor of Shanxi, Guangdong and Guangxi Governor, Governor of Hubei and Guangxi until further, during which the two agencies Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. In 1907 was promoted to a Bachelor of Health Club, officer to the military machine minister (Department of Management), died Wenxian. Zhang Zhidong is a representative of the late Qing Dynasty Westernization School. From 1889 to 1906, during Zhang Zhidong’s appointment as Governor General Huguang,