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<正>The past 30 years have witnessed a rapid increase of migrating population,which contributed much to the significant socioeconomic development in China.Therefore,it is necessary to set up a monitoring system to collect the basic information of migrating population regularly to support the related research and policy decisions effectively and correctively.As a preliminary but serious attempt,The National Population and Family Planning Commission launched a pilot survey on migrating population in five major cities including Beijing, Shanghai,Shenzhen,Chengdu and Taiyuan in July,2009.This survey got information of 21,771 migrant families and 47,461 individual migrants.Based on this data set,this paper first describes the features of living,employment, public service participation,social security integration of the migrating population,and then discusses several problems which need to be solved to improve the living situation of migrating population in China.