呼吸道感染是我国儿童的常见病,多发病。据首都儿科研究所调查,我国每个孩子每年约患此病4～6次,是损害儿童健康、障碍生长发育的重要因素。上呼吸道感染的病原90％为病毒,包括流感与副流感病毒、鼻病毒、腺病毒,柯萨奇病毒及埃可病毒等;下呼吸道感染(指肺炎)原也有70％为病毒。由于多年来存在的老观念,一般医生习惯采用抗生素治疗,众所周知抗生素对 Respiratory tract infection is a common disease in children in our country. According to a survey conducted by the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, each child in our country is suffering from the disease about 4 to 6 times a year, which is an important factor that damages children’s health and obstacle growth and development. 90% of the upper respiratory tract pathogens are viruses, including influenza and parainfluenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, coxsackievirus and echovirus; 70% of the original lower respiratory tract infection (referring to pneumonia) is a virus. Due to the old beliefs that have existed over the years, physicians are accustomed to antibiotic treatment, and it is well known that antibiotics