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18世纪的清帝国、俄罗斯帝国及印度蒙兀儿帝国,经由中亚互通有无。与传统丝路不同的是,18世纪的中亚商队贸易不只是商品种类增加,路线也增加了。中国内地出产的大批丝茶都是靠马、驼运出,而马、玉与棉花则是中亚自身出口的重要商品。双向的贸易造就了伊犁、安集延、喀什噶尔、叶尔羌等地各国商人云集、商务繁荣的盛况。其中安集延商队纵横于中亚各地。乾隆皇帝积极参与中亚贸易,他一方面灵活运用以价制量的贸易手段,持续传统的经济管制政策,以满足外交目的 ;另一方面动员内务府及三织造来充实财库。在低税率和公平交易的原则下,清王朝于18至19世纪中期在这一地区打造出一个相对自由贸易的时代。
The eighteenth century Qing empire, the Russian Empire and the Indian Mughal Empire, via Central Asia exchange of each other. Unlike the traditional Silk Road, the trade of the Central Asian caravan in the 18th century did not only increase the variety of commodities but also increased the routes. A large number of silk products produced in the Mainland are shipped by horse and camel, while horses, jade and cotton are important commodities exported by Central Asia. Two-way trade has created a grand gathering of businesspeople from various countries such as Ili, Andijan, Kashgar and Yeerqiang, and booming commercial prosperity. Anjiya caravan which in various parts of Central Asia. Emperor Qianlong actively participated in trade with Central Asia. On the one hand, he flexibly used trade measures based on price and quantity to continue the traditional economic control policies in order to meet diplomatic goals; on the other hand, he mobilized the government and the Three Mines to enrich the treasury. Under the principle of low tax rates and fair trade, the Qing dynasty built a relatively free trade era in the region from the mid-18th to the mid-19th century.