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冷害,意味着因生长期低温而造成减产,本文中的“低温”是指温度范围为10～20℃,在日本最北部的北海道,过去90年中有22年曾因夏季异常低温而造成减产。据分析,水稻产量与夏季温度之间有很好的相关关系,当7、8月平均温度低于20℃时,产量即下降。由于农业技术的进展,虽不会出现大幅度的减产,但正常年和冷害之间的产量差异仍然可达1.5吨/公顷,因此,采取相应措施来防御低温造成的减产,仍是北海道水稻栽培中的一个重要问题。一、障碍型冷害的特征 1.低温冷害的两种类型日本的低温冷害有两种类型:延迟型和障碍型。在延迟型冷害中,水稻减产是由于成熟期间的
Cold damage means low production due to low temperature during growing season. “Low temperature” in this article refers to the temperature range of 10 ~ 20 ℃. In Hokkaido, the northernmost part of Japan, 22 years in the past 90 years resulted in the decrease of summer low temperature . According to the analysis, there is a good correlation between rice yield and summer temperature. When the average temperature in July and August is less than 20 ℃, the output will drop. Due to the progress of agricultural technology, although there will be no significant reduction in production, the difference in production between normal years and chilling injury will still be as high as 1.5 tons per hectare. Therefore, taking corresponding measures to prevent low-temperature-induced production cuts is still Hokkaido’s rice cultivation In an important issue. First, the characteristics of the type of cold damage 1. Two types of low-temperature cold damage Chilling damage in Japan, there are two types: delayed and obstacle-type. In delayed chilling injury, rice production is due to maturity