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清入关后,承袭明紫禁城为皇宫,看起来似“清承明制”。但是考察清代紫禁城宫殿布局,却与明皇宫有显著差别:皇帝理政不在太和殿,而在内廷的养心殿;紫禁城西北多了乾隆皇帝的“潜龙邸”——重华宫;东边多了占皇宫六分之一的太上皇宫,等等。这使皇宫建筑“清承明制”的说法大打折扣。本文认为,是当时的政治文化环境和乾隆皇帝的经历、追求,导致了紫禁城的建筑结构和功能变化。
After the clearance, inherited Ming Forbidden City as the palace, looks like “Qing Cheng Ming system ”. However, the inspection of the Forbidden City palace layout in the Qing Dynasty, but with significant differences between the Ming Palace: the emperor administration is not in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, but in the inner court Yang Xin Temple; northwest of the Forbidden City more Qianlong emperor’s “Qianlong Di” - heavy Palace; east of more than one-sixth of the Imperial Palace on the palace, and so on. This makes the palace building “Qing Cheng Ming system ” argument greatly reduced. This article argues that it is the political and cultural environment at that time and the experience and pursuit of Emperor Qianlong which led to changes in the structure and function of the Forbidden City.