人类基因组图公布于世后,在医学、法学、生命伦理等方面对全人类带来了深远的影响,有关基因医学、法律及伦理问题的研究也随之而来。现代人体克隆、器官移植等不仅对传统物的存在形式提出了挑战,而且提出了如何认定人类基因法律地位的问题。本文在对基因的性质进行研究分析的基础上,认为基因在法律上具有两方面的权利,即财产性权利和非财产性权利。因此,提出构建一个以优先开发权为基础的全新的调整机制以促进基因研究的进一步发展。 After the promulgation of the human genome map, it has brought far-reaching impact on mankind in medicine, law and bioethics. Studies on gene medicine, law and ethics also follow. Modern human body cloning and organ transplantation not only pose challenges to the existing forms of traditional things, but also raise the issue of how to identify the legal status of human genes. Based on the analysis of the nature of the gene, this paper argues that the gene has two legal rights, namely, property right and non-property right. Therefore, it is proposed to construct a brand-new adjustment mechanism based on the right of priority development so as to promote the further development of genetic research.