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稗草×扁秆藨草是我国稻田常见杂草组合,造成水稻产量严重损失。本试验采用人工接草的方法,形成稗草×扁秆藨草8个组合,研究稗草×扁秆藨草互作对水稻产量的影响。研究结果表明:(1)稗×扁组合对水稻产量损失作用达显著水平,杂草的密度与危害程度成正相关;稗×扁组合在整个生育期中与水稻争光、争水、争肥、争空间,一直处于优势地位,致使水稻分蘖能力减弱,同化能力下降,分蘖成穗减少,幼穗退化,造成穗少粒小,千粒重降低,从而导致严重减产。(2)稗草和扁秆藨草对水稻危害的直接危害较大,且两者作用相近(稗草和扁秆藨草对水稻产量损失率的直接通径系数分别为0.620 1和0.624 5);从产量构成看,该组合主要引起水稻有效穗减少,其次是每穗实粒数的减少,从而造成水稻产量下降。
Echinochloa crus-gallbladder is a common weed combination in paddy fields in China, resulting in serious loss of rice yield. In this experiment, eight combinations of barnyardgrass × flat barnyardgrass were formed by artificial grafting, and the effects of barnyard grass × flat barnyardgrass interaction on rice yield were studied. The results showed that: (1) Echinochloa crus-galli flat had a significant effect on the yield loss of rice, the density of weeds was positively correlated with the degree of harm; Echinochloa crus-galli flattened the light with rice in the whole growth period, , Has been in a dominant position, resulting in weakened rice tillering ability, reduced assimilation ability, decreased tillering panicles, young ear degradation, resulting in less spikelets and 1000-grain weight, resulting in severe yield reduction. (2) The damage of barnyardgrass and flat barnyardgrass to rice is more serious, and their effects are similar (the direct path coefficients of barnyard grass and flat barnyardgrass to rice yield loss are 0.620 1 and 0.624 5, respectively) In terms of yield composition, the combination mainly resulted in the reduction of effective panicles in rice, followed by the decrease in the number of real grains per panicle, resulting in a decrease in rice yield.