objectives To demonstrate the phenomena and explore the causes of anemia in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods To observe the phenomena of anemia in patients with CHF, a total of 276 patients with CHF were included in this retrospective study. The clinical characteristics of the patients are: mean age 69.2±11.0 years; male 151,female 125; NYHA Ⅲ and Ⅳ 115 (41.7%). Results ①Among the 276 patients with CHF, 81 (29.4%)had anemia (Mean hemoglobulin concentration 101.5±13.0g/L). ② Patients with Anemia were more likely to be female and to have greater NYHA (Ⅲ or Ⅳ) (P＜0.05), higher serum creatinine, as well as lower serum albumin and low-density lipoprotein levels (P＜0.01).③ A weak negative correlation was also noted between the level of NYHA and hemoglobulin. ④ There was no significant difference in age, the primary cardiac etiology of the CHF, the history of diabetes, left ventricular end diastolic diameter, and left ventricular ejection fraction between CHF patient with and without anemia. Conclusions The prevalence of anemia is high among patients with CHF. The anemia patients with CHF tend to be female, have greater cardiac and renal functional impairment, but with lower serum albumin and LDL that suggests some degree of malnutrition.