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这一切源于皇帝的过分集权与官僚系统的无耻奉承,他们合力创造了一个停滞而专制的社会。代的西方人对中国的观测,涵盖从
All this stems from the shameless flattery of the emperor overcounting and bureaucratic system, and they work together to create a stagnant and authoritarian society. The Westerners’ observations of China cover everything from