再生障碍性贫血,AA是儿童时期较严重的血液系统疾病之一,常表现为骨髓有核细胞增生减低及外周全血细胞减少。我国属于AA的高发区,其中多数病例为后天获得性。AA的诊断与治疗都较为困难,因此一个有效的诊疗计划是非常重要的。目前,异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)和免疫抑制疗法(IST)治疗AA已取得显著疗效,故已被推荐为获得性AA的主要药物疗法。 Aplastic anemia, AA is one of the more serious hematological diseases in childhood, often manifested as decreased bone marrow nucleated cells and peripheral pancytopenia. My country belongs to the high incidence area of ​​AA, most of which are acquired acquired. Diagnosis and treatment of AA are more difficult, so an effective treatment plan is very important. Currently, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and immunosuppressive therapy (IST) treatment of AA has achieved remarkable results, it has been recommended as the main drug therapy for acquired AA.